Well is one of the smallest water conservancy projects since ancient times, but it is also a special water conservancy project involving many disciplines. Its characteristic, it is the universality that USES. Whether it is extensive farmland irrigation, or dotted with small and medium-sized enterprises, most of them rely on Wells to provide water, and there are almost no units and individuals not related to Wells; The other is the concealment of the project. How the quality of the well is difficult to detect, once the quality problem can not be remedied; Third, the high risk of investment. Drilling dry hole thing is a lot of existence, if do not speak science, drilling blindly, most places more failure than success. Once there is no water, the underground water detector  of thousands to tens of thousands of dollars will be wasted. In this sense, Wells are the most risky and failed hydraulic projects; The fourth is the complexity of technology. It is generally believed that drilling a well is "drilling a hole and lowering a root canal", which seems simple but has a high technical content. It involves hydrogeology, geophysical prospecting for water, well formation technology, pump selection and other aspects of knowledge, which is often not paid attention to, and is prone to failure, poor quality and high risk. Although the knowledge of digging Wells to find water is very deep, but if the parties master some scientific knowledge, reduce blindness, or very useful.

First, the local hydrogeological conditions should be studied in detail. If you do not understand the hydrogeology, do not study the hydrogeology conditions, only believe in the underground water detector, everywhere random measuring points, can only be called "blind test." The research can be carried out from the following three aspects.

1. Study topography. Topographic and geomorphic conditions determine the recharge and discharge conditions of groundwater, control the weathering status of rocks and affect the changes of groundwater abundance and depletion. It is the same to build a reservoir with a drainage area, and to dig a well with a recharge area. If the lithological conditions are the same, low-lying or conducive to water catchment topography is more likely to well. However, some small plains and depressions tend to be dominated by argillaceous rocks, which are easy to be eroded by weathering to form lowlands, and the groundwater is not good.

2. Study the water richness of rocks. Rocks can be divided into igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks according to their genesis. Whatever the cause, the feeling of hammtering on a rock can be "gen" (rigid), "spongy" (flexible), and "brittle" (brittle). Soluble rocks such as brittle rocks and limestone are more likely to produce Wells.

3. Study the fracture development of rocks. Fractures are relatively developed near the fault fracture zone. Inclined rocks are more likely to develop than horizontal rock fissures.

Second, we should choose the geophysical prospecting method suitable for local geological conditions

At present, the main method of geophysical prospecting is electric prospecting. The methods of electrical exploration are divided into artificial electric field method and natural electric field method. There are many specific methods, commonly used are dual electric survey method, high-density electric survey method, vertical electric sounding method, quadrupole symmetrical profile method, combined profile method, induced polarization method, etc. Each method has its applicable conditions and interference factors, must be selected according to local conditions. After years of research on water exploration in our institute, the more interference factors occur in water-poor areas, the better the ability of water exploration to identify the aquifer is by using our self-invented dual electric survey method, which is much better than any other method.

Scientific and reasonable well formation technology should be adopted

In the same geological conditions to make the well water output maximum, minimum drop depth, the best water quality, the longest service life, whether the well formation technology is scientific and reasonable is crucial.

1. The filter pipe should face the aquifer. Once the two dislocation, water resistance to a lot more, increase the depth. For this reason, geophysical logging should be carried out before downpipe to accurately determine the aquifer position. The patented technology of our research institute, bipolar and dual electrometer logging method, is a simple and practical logging method.

2. The opening rate of the filter pipe should be adequate. The opening rate of any pipe must not be less than 10%. The cement pipe that the earth method produces mostly only has 1, 2%, fill water resistance is very big, it is not allowed.

3. There should be reinforcement between the filter pipe and the filter screen. If there is no pad reinforcement, the filter is closely attached to the well pipe, and only the net directly to the water inlet hole can get water, which can easily cause blockage and seriously affect the water output and service life of the well.

4. Filter mesh and gravel filling size should be suitable for the aquifer. Otherwise, the water is either blocked or muddy in the well.

5. In case of mud drilling, the wall should be broken to change the slurry before the lower pipe.

At present, there are many serious problems in well drilling, such as arbitrarily configured filter pipe, low opening rate of the filter pipe, no reinforcement, unqualified filter screen and gravel filling, incomplete wall slurry replacement, etc., which need to be improved urgently. This is an important reason why most of the ground source heat pumps do not recharge well. Our professional drilling team in the groundwater research institute has developed a set of drilling procedures for the above problems, both positive and reverse circulation drilling results are very good.

Four, to carry out pumping test, reasonable selection of water pumps

Pumping tests can be combined with well flushing. Before the end of the well washing, the water output of the pump, the static water level and the dynamic water level should be measured. At present, the vast majority of Wells do not have the above data, only know a few kilowatts of water pump is not enough to pump, can only be blind selection pump, well hit how deep to choose how high the pump, serious waste of energy.

According to our experience, as long as the above work is done well, it is easy to increase the success rate of well drilling and energy saving rate of pumping by 20-30% on the current basis. If it can be popularized nationwide, the potential is huge.

How to drill a well without a false start? A bottle of water will double your price

Both hit artificial Wells and drilling deep Wells, package and without package water water price is not the same, package water play need to take some risks, so the price will be much higher than that without water play, as well drilling engineers, as long as able to get the water level, and can accomplish every shot told., location, so is all project funds to your account, whether income has gone up? Similarly, as the well user of party a, the well without drawing water also bears the risk of not producing water, and also needs to pay the driller's money. Is it not worthwhile? At this point, it is also necessary to accurately locate the water source.